Rice
Domesticated rice comprises two species in the Poaceae family, Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima. These plants are native to tropical and subtropical southern Asia and southeastern Africa. Rice provides more than one fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans. Rice is grown as a monocarpic annual plant, although in tropical areas it can survive as a perennial and can produce a ratoon crop. Rice can grow to 1 - 1.8 m tall, depending on the variety and soil fertility. The rice has long, slender leaves 50 - 100 cm long and 2 - 2.5 cm broad. The small wind-pollinated flowers are produced in a branched arching to pendulous inflorescence 30 - 50 cm long. The seed is a grain (caryopsis) 5 - 12 mm long and 2 - 3 mm thick.
Photo: Oryza sativa
There are three groups of Oryza sativa cultivars: the short-grained "japonica" varieties, exemplified by Japanese rice; the long-grained "indica" varieties, exemplified by Jasmine and Basmati rice; and the broad-grained "javonica" varieties, which thrive under tropical conditions.
Domesticated rice comprises two species in the Poaceae family, Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima. These plants are native to tropical and subtropical southern Asia and southeastern Africa. Rice provides more than one fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans. Rice is grown as a monocarpic annual plant, although in tropical areas it can survive as a perennial and can produce a ratoon crop. Rice can grow to 1 - 1.8 m tall, depending on the variety and soil fertility. The rice has long, slender leaves 50 - 100 cm long and 2 - 2.5 cm broad. The small wind-pollinated flowers are produced in a branched arching to pendulous inflorescence 30 - 50 cm long. The seed is a grain (caryopsis) 5 - 12 mm long and 2 - 3 mm thick.
Photo: Oryza sativa
There are three groups of Oryza sativa cultivars: the short-grained "japonica" varieties, exemplified by Japanese rice; the long-grained "indica" varieties, exemplified by Jasmine and Basmati rice; and the broad-grained "javonica" varieties, which thrive under tropical conditions.
Rice & Thai Culture
Thais have cultivated rice for a long time and have improved it continuously. In the past, Thais had "Pin-Thong" rice, a Thai rice’s species and the best species of the world, but now it has become extinct. Currently, Thais have Jasmine rice which is well-known around the world.
Approximately 10,000 years ago, mankind utilized shifting-rice plant. About 5,000 - 10,000 years after that, they developed seedlings that were then transplanted. The evidence of the rice cultivation development was found at Ban-Cheang, Udonthani and Punghung cave, Mae Hongsorn.
Approximately 10,000 years ago, mankind utilized shifting-rice plant. About 5,000 - 10,000 years after that, they developed seedlings that were then transplanted. The evidence of the rice cultivation development was found at Ban-Cheang, Udonthani and Punghung cave, Mae Hongsorn.
Rice cultivation plays a central role in Thai economics and culture. It has also shaped Thailand's natural environment. With the advantage of Thailand’s landscape on plentifully low land, Thailand is top five rice exporters in the world. The rice export brings tremendous profit to Thailand and the Thai rice culture is a central theme in the culture of Thailand. For example, the goddess of rice’s worship (Mae Phosop), harvest cooperation, and the threshing of rice. Moreover, rice also influences Thai proverbs, for example, Khao-Yak-Mak-Pang (means everything is so expensive), Khao-Dang-Kang-Ron, Khao-Nok-Na, and in the daily language: "to eat" Pai kin khao, (means "to go eat rice.")
Rice usually serves as the Thai main course, both regular rice and sticky rice, and the Thais consume rice three times daily. Rice is also an ingredient in Thai desserts such as Khaoneaw Moon and Khaoneaw Sangkayha. Rice is part of Thai culture, inherited from generation to generation, and it will continued forever.
Dr. Joy
3 comments:
This video was proudly created to share the Rice growing process, as rice is part of Thai culture. Read more at: http://americanthai.net/rice.aspx
Dr. Joy
I really like the way you made this video. I like rice too!!!!
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